Szechuan Pepper, scientifically known as Zanthoxylum bungeanum, is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to China and other regions of East Asia. Belonging to the Rutaceae (citrus) family, it is known for its aromatic bark, leaves, and seed husks, which naturally emit a citrus-like fragrance.
The plant is valued for its ornamental qualities, with bright green compound leaves, thorny branches, and clusters of small red seed pods that open to reveal glossy black seeds.
This species is also ecologically important, supporting pollinators, soil biodiversity, and sustainable agroforestry ecosystems.
Features (Informational Use)
- Deciduous woody shrub or small tree
- Aromatic foliage and bark with citrus-like scent
- Clusters of red seed pods in late summer to autumn
- Native to temperate regions of East Asia
- Adaptable to a variety of soil and moisture conditions
- Supports local pollinators and beneficial insects
- Suitable for botanical study, ecological gardens, and research
Specifications (Informational Context)
- Scientific Name: Zanthoxylum bungeanum
- Common Names: Szechuan Pepper, Sichuan Pepper, Chinese Prickly Ash
- Plant Type: Deciduous Shrub or Small Tree
- Foliage: Compound, bright green leaves
- Flower Color: Yellowish-white clusters
- Fruit: Red seed pods that split open when mature
- Height: 6–12 feet (1.8–3.6 m)
- Spread: 5–10 feet (1.5–3 m)
- Sunlight: Full Sun to Partial Shade
- Soil Type: Well-drained loam or sandy soil
- Watering Needs: Moderate
- USDA Hardiness Zones: 6–9
- Temperature Range: 55–75°F (13–24°C)
- Germination Period: 14–28 days (approximate)
- GMO Status: Non-GMO (botanical information only)
- Organic Status: Conventional (for study and observation)
- Best Growth Season: Spring through Summer
- Maintenance Level: Moderate
- Usage Context: Educational, botanical, or ornamental interest
Growth & Care
- Site Selection: Prefers full sun and moderately drained soil.
- Soil Preparation: Loosen soil and remove debris; prefers a neutral to slightly acidic pH.
- Moisture: Maintain even soil moisture during establishment.
- Climate: Performs best in temperate climates with mild winters.
- Pruning: Light pruning after fruiting helps maintain a compact shape.
- Propagation (for educational research only): Typically grown from seed or semi-hardwood cuttings.
